2025:
Feder Jacob A., Schneider-Crease India A., Beehner Jacinta C., Bergman Thore J., Seyfarth Robert M., Silk Joan B., Snyder-Mackler Noah and Lu Amy (2025) “Female reproductive ageing persists despite high infanticide risk in chacma baboons and geladas” R. Soc. Open Sci.12241210 http://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.241210
2024:
Julie C Jarvey, Bobbi S Low, Abebaw Azanaw Haile, Kenneth L Chiou, Noah Snyder-Mackler, Amy Lu, Thore J Bergman, Jacinta C Beehner, India A Schneider-Crease, Aggression rates increase around seasonally exploited resources in a primarily grass-eating primate, Behavioral Ecology, Volume 35, Issue 1, January/February 2024, arad079, https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arad079
Lerch, B. A., Zipple, M. N., Gesquiere, L. R., Sloan, E. T., Beehner, J. C., & Alberts, S. C. (2024). Male-mediated early maturation unlikely to evolve via adaptive evolution. Animal Behaviour, 214, 219–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2024.06.002
Longtin, A., Watowich, M. M., Sadoughi, B., Petersen, R. M., Brosnan, S. F., Buetow, K., Cai, Q., Gurven, M. D., Highland, H. M., Huang, Y.-T., Kaplan, H., Kraft, T. S., Lim, Y. A. L., Long, J., Melin, A. D., Roberson, J., Ng, K.-S., Stieglitz, J., Trumble, B. C., … Lea, A. J. (2024). Cost-effective solutions for high-throughput enzymatic DNA methylation sequencing. bioRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.09.612068
Perlman, R. F., Beehner, J. C., Koenig, A., & Lu, A. (2024). Consumption of underground storage organs is associated with improved energetic status in a graminivorous primate. Journal of Human Evolution, 192, 103545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103545
Painter, M. C., Gustison, M. L., Snyder-Mackler, N., Tinsley Johnson, E., le Roux, A., & Bergman, T. J. (2024). Acoustic variation and group level convergence of gelada, Theropithecus gelada, contact calls. Animal Behaviour, 207, 235–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2023.10.002
2023:
DeLacey, Patricia M., Sen, S., Schneider‐Crease, I. A., Chiou, K. L., Lemma, A., Ayele, F., Haile, A. A., Lu, A., Bergman, T. J., Beehner, J. C., & Snyder‐Mackler, N. (2023) “Vascularization Underlies Differences in Sexually Selected Skin Coloration in a Wild Primate.” Molecular Ecology, vol. 32, no. 15, pp. 4401–11. DOI.org https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.17026.
Watowich, M. M., Chiou, K. L., Graves, B., Montague, M. J., Brent, L. J. N., Higham, J. P., Horvath, J. E., Lu, A., Martinez, M. I., Platt, M. L., Schneider‐Crease, I. A., Lea, A. J., & Snyder‐Mackler, N. (2023). Best practices for genotype imputation from low‐coverage sequencing data in natural populations. Molecular Ecology Resources, 1755-0998.13854. https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.13854
Bergman TJ, Beehner JC (2023) Information Ecology: A framework for studying animal behavior. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 38(11):1041-1050. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2023.05.017
2022:
Baniel, A., Petrullo, L., Mercer, A., Reitsema, L., Sams, S., Beehner, J. C., Bergman, T. J., Snyder-Mackler, N., & Lu, A. (2022). Maternal effects on early-life gut microbiota maturation in a wild nonhuman primate. Current Biology, 32(20), 4508–4520. https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(22)01359-8
Benítez, M. E., Painter, M. C., Guisneuf, N., & Bergman, T. J. (2022). Answering big questions with small data: The use of field experiments in primate cognition. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 46, 101141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2022.101141
DeLacey PM, Perlman RF, Sen S, Schneider-Crease I, Chiou KL, Lemma A, Ayele F, Higham JP, Lu A, Snyder-Mackler N, Beehner JC, Bergman TJ (2022). “Assessing male gelada chest patches: color measurement and physiological mechanisms.” Mammalian Biology, doi: 10.1007/s42991-021-00211-5.
Feder J, Beehner JC, Baniel A, Bergman TJ, Snyder-Mackler N, Lu A (2022) “Social drivers of maturation age in female geladas.” Behavioral Ecology.
Kifle, Z., & Beehner, J. C. (2022). Distribution and diversity of primates and threats to their survival in the Awi Zone, northwestern Ethiopia. Primates, 63(6), 637–645. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10329-022-01010-3
Sloan E, Beehner JC, Bergman TJ, Lu A, Snyder-Mackler N, Jacquemyn H (2022) “Effects of climate variability on the demography of wild geladas.” Ecology and Evolution.
Sen, S., Carrera, S. C., Heistermann, M., Potter, C. B., Baniel, A., DeLacey, P. M., Petrullo, L., Lu, A., & Beehner, J. C. (2022). Social correlates of androgen levels and dispersal age in juvenile male geladas. Hormones and Behavior, 146, 105264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2022.105264
Schneider-Crease, I.A., Feder, J.A., Baniel, A. McCann, C., Haile, A.A., Abebe, B., Fitzgerald, L., Gomery, M.A., Simberloff, R. A., Petrie, Z.L., Gabriel, S., Dorny, P., Fashing, P.J., Nguyen, N., Bergman, T.J., Beehner. J.C., Snyder-Mackler, N., & Lu, A. (2022) “Urinary neopterin reflects immunological variation associated with age, helminth parasitism, and the microbiome in a wild primate.” Sci Rep 12, 21307. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-25298-9
Schneider-Crease, I.A., Chiou, K.L., Moya, I.L., Lemma, A. Ayele, F. Haile, A.A., Kebede, F. Abebe, B. Bergman, T.J., Beehner, J.C., Lu, A., Lund, M.C., Custer, J.M., Kraberger, S., Snyder-Mackler, N., & Varsani, A. (2022) “A novel statovirus identified in fecal samples from wild geladas in the Ethiopian highlands.” Arch Virol 167, 2709–2713. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-022-05588-3
Sen S, Carrera SC, Heisterman M, Barale C, Baniel A, Lu A, Beehner JC (2022) Social correlates of androgen levels and dispersal age in juvenile male geladas. Hormones and Behavior. 146:105264. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2022.105264
Kifle Z, Beehner JC. (2022) Distribution and diversity of primates and threats to their survival in the Awi Zone, Northwestern Ethiopia. Primates. 63:637-645. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10329-022-01010-3.
2021:
Chiou, K. L., Janiak, M. C., Schneider-Crease, I., Sen, S., Ayele, F., Chuma, I. S., Knauf, S., Lemma, A., Signore, A. V., D’Ippolito, A. M., Abebe, B., Haile, A. A., Kebede, F., Fashing, P. J., Nguyen, N., McCann, C., Houck, M. L., Wall, J. D., Burrell, A. S., … Snyder-Mackler, N. (2021). High-altitude adaptation and incipient speciation in geladas. bioRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.09.01.458582
The Goldilocks Effect: Female geladas in mid-sized groups have higher fitness
Zipple MN, Roberts EK, Alberts SC, Beehner JC. (2021) The Bruce effect should be defined by function, not mechanism: comments on ‘How to escape male infanticide: mechanisms for avoiding or terminating pregnancy in mammals’. Mammal Review. doi: 10.1111/mam.12250
2020:
Carrera SC, Sen S, Heistermann M, Lu A, Beehner JC. (2020). Low rank and primiparity increase fecal glucocorticoid metabolites across gestation in wild geladas. General and Comparative Endocrinology. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113494
Lazow, SP, Bergman, TJ. (2020). “The structural and motivational role of the unique lip-flip movement in the gelada (Theropithecus gelada) facial display repertoire.” American Journal of Physical
Anthropology 1– 11. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.24031
Schneider-Crease I, Beehner JC, Bergman T, Gomery M, Koklic L, Lu A, Snyder-Mackler N (2020). “Ecology eclipses phylogeny as a major driver of nematode parasite community structure in an herbivorous primate.” Functional Ecology, doi: 10.1111/1365-2435.13603.
Trede F, Lemkul A, Atickem A, Beehner JC, Bergman TJ, Burke R, Fashing PJ, Knauf S, Mekonnen A, Moges A, Nguyen N, Roos C, Zinner D (2020) Geographic distribution of microsatellite alleles in geladas (Primates, Cercopithecidae): Evidence for three evolutionary units. Zoologica Scripta. 49:659-667. doi: 10.1111/zsc.12451
We had to evacuate the gelada research station in March 2020 due to the Coronavirus. Listen to Dr. Jacinta Beehner explain the logistics of this process on NPR’s The Pulse – Science Interrupted: The Impact of the Coronavirus. Listen to the interview here.
Join Duke University’s Long-Term Research in Animal Behavior Series where Dr. Jacinta Beehner presents 15 years of research on how males can change female gelada reproduction. Video of talk here.
These monkeys have a ‘puberty switch’ they flip when the right male comes along. Listen to the interview here.
Interview with Dr. Jacinta Beehner, our guest on LunchBreak Science with the Leakey Foundation to learn all about the battle between the sexes in wild geladas. Video of the interview here.
2019:
Bergman TJ, Beehner JC, Painter MC, Gustison ML*. (2019) The speech-like properties of non-human primate vocalizations. Animal Behaviour. 151:229-237 doi: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2019.02.015
Fischer J, Higham JP, Alberts SC, Barrett L, Beehner JC, Bergman TJ. Carter A, Collins A, Elton S, Fagot J, Ferreira da Silva M, Hammerschmidt K, Henzi P, Jolly CJ, Knauf S, Kopp G, Rogers J, Roos C, Ross C, Seyfarth RM, Silk J, Snyder-Mackler N, Städele V, Swedell L, Wilson ML, Zinner D. (2019) Insights into the evolution of social systems and species from baboon studies. eLife; 8: e50989. doi: 10.7554/eLife.50989
Gustison ML, Tinsley Johnson E, Beehner JC, Bergman TJ. (2019) The social functions of complex vocal sequences in wild geladas. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 73:14. doi: 10.1007/s00265-018-
2612-5.
Lu A, Petrullo L, Carerra S, Feder J, Schneider-Crease I, Snyder-Mackler N (2019). “Developmental Responses to Early-Life Adversity: Evolutionary and Mechanistic Perspectives.” Evolutionary Anthropology, doi: doi:10.1002/evan.21791
Zipple MN, Roberts EK, Alberts SC, Beehner JC (2019) Male-mediated prenatal loss: Functions and mechanisms. Evolutionary Anthropology. 28(3):114-125. doi: 10.1002/evan.21776.
2018:
Bergman TJ, Haile AA, Beehner JC, (2018). What is (not) a baboon?. International Journal of Primatology. 39(6): 1005-1008. doi: 10.1007/s10764-018-0063-5
Gustison ML, Tinsley Johnson E, Beehner JC, Bergman TJ. (2018) The social functions of complex vocal sequences in wild geladas. (2018). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 73:14. doi: 10.1007/s00265-018-2612-5
Jarvey JC, Low BS, Pappano DJ, Bergman TJ, Beehner JC (2018). Graminivory and Fallback Foods: Annual Diet Profile of Geladas (Theropithecus gelada) Living in the Simien Mountains National Park, Ethiopia. International Journal of Primatology, 39(105). doi: 10.1007/s10764-018-0018-x. github
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Tinsley Johnson E, Snyder-Mackler N, Lu A, Bergman TJ, Beehner JC (2018). Social and ecological drivers of reproductive seasonality in geladas. Behavioral Ecology. 29(3):574-588. doi: 10.1093/beheco/ary008. github.
Zinner D, Dolotovskaya S, Urbanek KA, Gippoliti S, Burke R, Moges A, Atickem A, Mekonnen A, Beehner JC, Bergman TJ, Fashing P, Roos C. (2018) Phylogeography, mitochondrial DNA diversity, and demographic history of geladas (Theropithecus gelada). PloS one. 23;13(8):e0202303.
2017:
Beehner JC, Bergman TJ (2017). The next step for stress research in primates: To identify relationships between glucocorticoid secretion and fitness. Hormones and Behavior, 91. doi: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2017.03.003
Benítez ME., Pappano DJ, Bergman TJ, Beehner JC (2017). Evidence for mutual assessment in a wild primate. Scientific Reports, 7(1): 2952. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-02903-w
Gustison ML, Bergman TJ (2017). Divergent acoustic properties of gelada and baboon vocalizations and their implications for the evolution of human speech. Journal of Language Evolution, 2(1): 20-36. doi: 10.1093/jole/lzx015
Roberts EK, Lu A, Bergman TJ, Beehner JC (2017). Female Reproductive Parameters in Wild Geladas (Theropithecus gelada). International Journal of Primatology, 38: 1. doi: 10.1007/s10764-016-9939-4
Schneider-Crease I, Griffin RH, Gomery MA, Bergman TJ, Beehner JC (2017). High mortality associated with tapeworm parasitism in geladas (Theropithecus gelada) in the Simien Mountains National Park, Ethiopia. American Journal of Primatology, 79(9). doi: 10.1002/ajp.22684
Schneider-Crease I, Griffin RH, Gomery MA, Dorny P, Noh JC, Handali S, Chastain HM, Wilkins PP, Nunn CL, Snyder-Mackler N, Beehner JC, Bergman TJ (2017). Identifying wildlife reservoirs of neglected taeniid tapeworms: Non-invasive diagnosis of endemic Taenia serialis infection in a wild primate population. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 11(7): e0005709. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005709.
2016:
Benitez ME, le Roux A, Fischer J, Beehner JC, Bergman TJ (2016) Acoustic and temporal variation in gelada loud calls advertise male quality. International Journal of Primatology, 37(4-5). doi: 10.1007/s10764-016-9922-0
Gustison, ML, S Semple, R Ferrer-i-Cancho, & TJ Bergman (2016). Gelada vocal sequences follow Menzerath’s linguistic law. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, E2750–E2758. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1522072113
Gustison ML, Bergman TJ. (2016) Vocal complexity influences female responses to gelada male calls. Scientific Reports. 6:19680. doi: 10.1038/srep19680.
Lu A, Bergman TJ, McCann C, Stinespring-Harris A, Beehner JC (2016). Growth trajectories in wild geladas (Theropithecus gelada). American Journal of Primatology, 78: 707–719. doi: 10.1002/ajp.22535
Snyder-Mackler N, Pappano DJ (2016). Gelada (Theropithecus). In The International Encyclopedia of Primatology. John Wiley & Sons, doi: 10.1002/9781119179313.wbprim0252
Sheehan MJ, Bergman TJ. (2016) Is there an evolutionary trade-off between quality signaling and social recognition? Behavioral Ecology. doi: 10.1093/beheco/arv109.
2015:
Beehner JC, Gesquiere L, Cheney DL, Seyfarth RM, Altmann J (2015) Corrigendum to Testosterone related to age and life-history stages in male baboons and geladas. Hormones and Behavior. doi: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.205.08.004.
Barale CL, Rubenstein DI, Beehner JC (2015) Juvenile social relationships reflect adult patterns of behavior in wild geladas. American Journal of Primatology. 77: 1086-1096. doi: 10.1002/ajp.22443
Bergman TJ, Beehner JC. (2015) Measuring social complexity. Animal Behaviour. 103:203-209. doi: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.02.018
2014:
Pappano DJ, Beehner JC. (2014) Harem-holding males do not rise to the challenge: androgens respond to social but not to seasonal challenges in wild geladas. Royal Society Open Science 1: 140081. doi: 10.1098/rsos.140081
Snyder-Mackler N, Alberts SC, Bergman TJ. (2014) The socio-genetics of a complex society: female gelada relatedness patterns mirror association patterns in a multilevel society. Molecular Ecology. doi: 10.1111/mec.12987, data: 10.5061/dryad.d8p5g
Tinsley Johnson E*, Snyder-Mackler N*, Beehner JC & Bergman TJ. (2014) Tinsley Johnson et al (2013). Kinship and dominance in female geladas. International Journal of Primatology, 35:1, 288-304, doi: 10.1007/s10764-013-9733-5
2013:
Bergman TJ. (2013) Speech-like vocalized lip-smacking in geladas. Current Biology 23(7):R268-R269. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2013.02.038
Bergman TJ, Sheehan MJ. (2013) Social knowledge and signals in primates. American Journal of Primatology. doi: 10.1002/ajp.22103
Beehner JC, Lu A (2013) Reproductive suppression in female primates – A review. Evolutionary Anthropology. 22:226-238. doi: 10.1002/evan.21369
le Roux A, Snyder-Mackler N, Roberts E, Beehner JC, Bergman TJ. (2013) Evidence for tactical concealment in a wild primate. Nature Communications. doi: 1038/ncomms2468.
Scheider-Crease I*, Snyder-Mackler N*, Jarvey JC & Bergman TJ. (2013) Molecular identification of Taenia serialis coenurosis in a wild Ethiopian gelada (Theropithecus gelada). Veterinary Parasitology. 198:1-2, 240-243, doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.08.015.
2012:
Bergman TJ, Beehner JC. (2012) Theropithecus gelada. In J Kingdon, D Happold, T Butynski (eds.): The Mammals of Africa. Volume II. Primates. Bloomsbury Press: London. pp. 240-244.
Gustison ML, le Roux A, Bergman TJ. (2012) Derived vocalizations of geladas (Theropithecus gelada) and the evolution of vocal complexity in primates. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B. 367 (1597): 1847-1859. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2011.0218
le Roux A, Bergman TJ. (2012) Indirect rival assessment in a social primate, Theropithecus gelada. Animal Behaviour. 83: 249-255.
Pappano DJ*, Snyder-Mackler N*, Bergman TJ, Beehner JC. (2012) Social ‘predators’ within a multilevel primate society. Animal Behaviour. 84: 653-658. doi: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.06.021
Roberts EK, Lu A, Bergman TJ, Beehner JC. (2012) A Bruce effect in wild geladas. Science. 35 (6073): 1222-1225. doi: 10.1126/science.1213600
Snyder-Mackler N, Alberts SC, Bergman TJ. (2012) Concessions of an alpha male? Cooperative defence and shared reproduction in multi-male primate groups. Proc. R. Soc. B. 22(1743): 3788-3795. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2012.0842
Snyder-Mackler N, Beehner JC, Bergman TJ. (2012) Defining higher levels in the multilevel societies of geladas (Theropithecus gelada). International Journal of Primatology. 33: 1054-1068. doi: 10.1007/s10764-012-9584-5
2011:
le Roux A, Beehner JC, Bergman TJ. (2011) Female philopatry and dominance patterns in wild geladas. American Journal of Primatology. 73:422-430.
Mau M, Beehner JC, Johann A. (2011) Nutritional aspects of Theropithecus gelada: From the wild to captive breeding. In SR Borgearo (ed.): Animal Feed: Types, Nutrition, and Safety. Nova Science Publishers, Inc. pp. 195-206.
2010:
Bergman TJ. (2010) Experimental evidence for limited vocal recognition in a wild primate: implications for the social complexity hypothesis. Proc. R. Soc. B. 277(1696): 3045-3053.
Pappano DJ, Roberts EK, Beehner JC. (2010) Testing extraction and storage parameters for a fecal hormone method. American Journal of Primatology 72:934-941.
2009:
Beehner JC, Gesquiere L, Seyfarth RM, Cheney DL, Alberts SC, Altmann J. (2009) Testosterone related to age and life-history stages in male baboons and geladas. Hormones and Behavior 56(4):472-480.
Bergman T, Ho L, Beehner J. (2009) Chest color and social status in male geladas (Theropithecus gelada). International Journal of Primatology 30(6):791-806.
Bergman TJ, Kitchen DM. (2009) Comparing responses to novel objects in wild baboons (Papio ursinus) and geladas (Theropithecus gelada). Animal Cognition 12(1):63-73.
2008:
Beehner JC, McCann C. (2008) Seasonal and altitudinal effects on glucocorticoid metabolites in a wild primate (Theropithecus gelada). Physiology & Behavior 95(3):508-514.
Beehner JC, Bergman TJ. (2008) Infant mortality following male takeovers in wild geladas. American Journal of Primatology 70(12):1152-1159.
Bergman TJ, Beehner JC. (2008) A simple method for measuring colour in wild animals: validation and use on chest patch colour in geladas (Theropithecus gelada). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 94(2):231-240.
2007:
Beehner JC, Berhanu G, Bergman TJ, McCann C. (2007) Population estimate for geladas (Theropithecus gelada) living in and around the Simien Mountains National Park, Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Science 30(2):149-154.
* denotes equal contribution